English 3: ''Future Perfect Tense.''

Future Perfect Tense

Kita biasanya menggunakan kalimat dengan struktur Future Perfect tense bahasa inggris ini untuk menyatakan sebuah kejadian yang akan selesai di masa depan yang pada awalnya sudah dimulai di masa lalu. Pengertian future perfect tense disebut juga dengan nama Present Future Perfect Tense atau Future Perfect Simple Tense. Untuk mengenal lebih jelas mengenai struktur kalimat Future perfect tense ini anda dapat menggunakan susunan rumus penggunaan Kalimat ini seperti yang telah disediakan di bawah.
 
The future perfect is a verb form or construction used to describe an event that is expected or planned to happen before a time of reference in the future, such as will have finished in the English sentence "I will have finished by tomorrow." It is a grammatical combination of the future tense, or other marking of future time, and the perfect, a grammatical aspect that views an event as prior and completed.
 

In English, the future perfect construction consists of the auxiliary verb will (or shall; see shall and will) to mark the future, the auxiliary verb have to mark the perfect, and the past participle of the main verb (the second component of the English perfect construction). For example:

·        She will have fallen asleep by the time we get home.

·        I shall have gone by then.

·        Will you have finished when I get back?

The first auxiliary may be contracted to 'll: see English auxiliaries and contractions. The negative form is made with will not or shall not; these have their own contractions won't and shan't. Some examples:

·        I'll have made the dinner by 6.

·        He won't have done (or will not have done) it by this evening.

·        Won't you have finished by Thursday?

             (or Will you not have finished by Thursday?)

Most commonly the future perfect is used with a time marker that indicates by when (i.e. prior to what point in time) the event is to occur, as in the previous examples. However it is also possible for it to be accompanied by a marker of the retrospective time of occurrence, as in "I will have done it on the previous Tuesday". This is in contrast to the present perfect, which is not normally used with a marker of past time: one would not say *"I have done it last Tuesday", since the inclusion of the past time marker last Tuesday would entail the use of the simple past rather than the present perfect.

The English future perfect places the action relative only to the absolute future reference point, without specifying the location in time relative to the present. In most cases the action will be in the future relative to the present, but this is not necessarily the case: for example, "If it rains tomorrow, we will have worked in vain yesterday."[1]

The future perfect construction with will (like other constructions with that auxiliary) is sometimes used to refer to a confidently assumed present situation rather than a future situation, as in "He will have woken up by now."

The time of perspective of the English future perfect can be shifted from the present to the past by replacing will with its past tense form would, thus effectively creating a "past of the future of the past" construction in which the indicated event or situation occurs before a time that occurs after the past time of perspective: In 1982, I knew that by 1986 I would have already gone to prison. This construction is identical to the English conditional perfect construction.

An obsolete term found in old grammars for the English future perfect is the "second future tense."[2][3]

For more information, see the sections on the future perfect and future perfect progressive in the article on uses of English verb forms.

Rumus Future Perfect Tense

Berikut ini adalah rumus yang digunakan untuk membuat beberapa jenis kalimat dengan struktur Future perfect tenses secara tepat.

1. Penggunaan dalam Kalimat Positif (+)

Subject + shall/will + have + been + complement

Subject + shall/will + have + verb III + object

2. Penggunaan dalam Kalimat Negatif (-)

Subject + shall/will + not + been + complement

Subject + shall/will + not + have + verb III + object

3. Penggunaan dalam Kalimat Interrogative atau kalimat tanya (?)

Shall/will + subject + been + complement

Shall/will + subject + have + verb III + object?

Berikut ini adalah beberapa contoh kalimat dengan struktur Future perfect tense :

• I will have been in this hospital until tomorrow morning (+)

Saya akan telah berada di rumah sakit ini sampai besok pagi

• I will not have been in this hospital until tomorrow morning (-)

Saya tidak akan telah berada di rumah sakit ini sampai besok pagi

• Eric will not have been in his room until tomorrow afternoon (-)

Eric tidak akan telah berada di kamarnya sampai besok siang

• Will you have been in this hospital until tomorrow morning? (?)

Apakah kamu akan telah berada disini sampai besok pagi?

• Majid will have rented my house next month (+)

Majid akan telah menyewa rumahku bulan depan

• Majid will not have rented my house next month (-)

Majid tidak akan telah menyewa rumahku bulan depan

• Will Majid have rented my house next month? (?)

Apakah Majid akan telah menyewa rumahku bulan depan ?

• Eric will have been in his room until tomorrow afternoon (+)

Eric akan telah berada di kamarnya sampai besok siang

• Eric will not have been in his room until tomorrow afternoon (-)

Eric tidak akan telah berada di kamarnya sampai besok siang

• Will Eric have been in his room until tomorrow afternoon? (?)

Apakah Eric akan telah berada di kamarnya sampai besok siang?